SEN teachers who can support children with ADHD

Children may have symptoms of both inattentiveness and hyperactivity and impulsiveness, or they may have symptoms of just one of these types of behaviour.

The main signs of inattentiveness (difficulty concentrating and focusing) are: making careless mistakes; having a short attention span and being easily distracted; being unable to stick to tasks that are tedious or time-consuming; appearing forgetful or losing things; appearing to be unable to listen to or carry out instructions; constantly changing activity or task and having difficulty organising tasks.

The main signs of hyperactivity and impulsiveness are: constantly fidgeting; being unable to sit still, especially in calm or quiet surroundings; being unable to concentrate on tasks; excessive talking; excessive physical movement; being unable to wait their turn; interrupting conversations; acting without thinking; having little or no sense of danger.

These symptoms can cause significant problems in a child's life, such as problems with discipline, poor social interaction with other children and adults, and underachievement at school.

If you're looking after a child with ADHD, you may find this advice helpful:

• Plan the day so your child knows what to expect. Setting routines can make a difference to how a child with ADHD copes with everyday life.
• Set clear boundaries making sure that everyone knows what behaviour is expected, and reinforcing positive behaviour.
• Give clear instructions, so your child knows what they need to do to create opportunities for praise when they get it right.
• Set up your own incentive scheme using a points or star chart, so good behaviour can earn a privilege.
• Intervene early if your child looks like they're becoming frustrated, overstimulated and about to lose self-control.
• Keep social situations short and sweet. Invite friends to play, but keep playtimes short so your child does not lose self-control.
• Make sure your child gets lots of physical activity during the day. Walking, skipping and playing sport can help your child wear themselves out and improve their quality of sleep.
• Keep an eye on what your child eats. If your child is hyperactive after eating certain foods, which may contain additives or caffeine, keep a diary of these.
• Stick to a clear bedtime routine. Make sure your child goes to bed at the same time each night and gets up at the same time in the morning.
• Children with ADHD often have problems with their behaviour at school, and the condition can negatively affect a child's academic progress. Speak to your child's teachers or their school's Special Educational Needs Co-ordinator (SENCO) about any extra support your child may need.